Electronic Monitoring

By Raul Bernardino

Introduction:

The Electronic Monitoring (EM) system is wider use in United State of America, especially to monitor the location of prisoners or suspect movement in the range of Global or Geographical Position System (GPS) for in house or in city prison. This is also wider use to monitor alcoholic person’s movement. These facilities help a lot in Denver state which is very limited of state prison space. As it reported about hundreds and hundreds cases a day.  These also help justice system in which is the detention of the suspected out site of the prison until court decision and or the case is being process. The detention centre is monitoring suspect by using Radio Frequency (RF).

However, in this report, I will be focusing on Autoridade Nacional do Petroleo (ANP) institution to build an electronic monitoring system which to monitor staff activities.

Autoridade Nacional do Petroleo (ANP) or National Petroleum Authority is an authority body from Timor-Leste in which has an authority to regulate, administer, and manage the onshore and the offshore of the natural resources. On the offshore, it is divided in to two big regions. The first region was Join Petroleum Development Area (JPDA) which 90% in favour to Timor-Leste and 10% for Australia. And the second was the region of Temor-Leste Exclusive Area (TLEA) which is 100% Timor-Leste’s.

By the nature of the work, each of the employees are demanded to have high productivities and efficient in every sectors. Therefore, to show the seriousness of the institution and to make sure the accountability of everyone of the ANP employee, which is working as professional, and they demanded and will be giving the high output result, the institution is looking for electronic system which can monitoring all employee activities.

For instances the using of the internet, the using of the office phone, and recorded in or out of office. The internet logs, is to ensure all the internet activities have been monitored and what exactly employee is doing in his or her entire time. The reason why it is been monitored, is because they are supposedly to work and have being paid for.

There are two approaches of the theories. The first, is the theory in which introduced by Frederick Taylor in 1911s. In his theory, in which is he analyse the workers by using time and motion studies. Specially, this theory applies for product lines, where to maximize the productivities of each employee.   

The second, is the theory in which introduced by Douglas McGregor in 1950s. In this theory, in which is called X-Y theory has a similar approach. He explained that the X type of employees are dislike to work therefore they have to be controlled and threatened with punishment to ensure the works is done. While Y-type of employees is self-controlled, creative, imaginative, skill full, and works with responsibility and independently to ensure that their objectives have been achieved or reached. 

Nowadays, the technology is able to monitor all employee time of work and location of the work alias any other work place. However the employer have to inform the employee that their activities are been monitored otherwise it is categorise as spying the workers. These will be creating a room for employees to always in line with employment manual. Not only that this can be record the employee who works after hours or work from remote location. In other part of the negative site is on monitoring the leisure activities of employees. In this case, the institution was put itself in to the allegation of their own authority.

Objectivity:

The objectivities of have the electronic monitoring for Autoridade Nacional do Petroleo (ANP)

1. To ensure every employee maximise the use of the internet for office productivity

2. To ensure staff come to office on time and all assigned work done in timely manner

3.  To ensure the accountability of each of the employee

4. To ensure all records of the hours who works in normal hour in the office, overtimes, and also record hours to who work from remote location.

Approach: 

Nowadays the technology is helping institutions or company to be more effective, efficient, and flexibility in term of cost and managing the other resources. By using the Lessig’s method we can analyze

Architecture:  The limitation of the available internet bandwidth which is using a VSAT, we have to manage in order to optimize the uses of each of the users in the sending, viewing, and receiving information.

Law: Data connection is being regulated by government the decree law No.:11/2003. The Timor-Leste’s labor code also mentioned how each employee has to comply with all duties by using employer facility. The Timor-Leste constitution how is using technology for getting and sending information Section 38 of Constitution of the RDTL.

Markets: Each individual, who is using the internet communication have to pay the fee which coming from provider.

Social norms: this is a difficult and complex part. How the individual is interacted with others, including how to express themselves to others and perceive other opinion and ideas.   

Plan:

1.     Brief presentation management on how the system is works

·        To implement Time Attendance Machine

·        Surveillance camera

·        To implement Kerio web filtering

·        To implement Portal and intranet

·        To implement On-line application

2.     Management have to approve of the implementation

3.     Management have to approve the Investment

4.     Management have to approve the built procedures

Implementation:

After the approval of the alternative solution of the electronic monitoring system, the project manager has to produce system and implement according the time line that has been agreed.

Ethical:

The implementation of the electronic monitoring program the employer has to have informed all of the staff; how the system will be capturing the staff interaction with the system.

Recommendation:

After I did a reaches and found that, institution will be more effective and efficient in the managing resources by using the electronic monitoring system. Therefore we highly recommend:

1.     To use finger print time attendance machine in which is to record the presence of staff and later will convert to each staff monthly pay. I found TNA is most proper for the office.

2.     To implement web filtering which can monitor all staff internet activities and manage the available bandwidth. I recommend Kerio web filter.

3.     To implement Portal and intranet. I found lotus notes web application and development is the best choice; why is that we have use lotus notes as our email server and email database

4.     To implement on-line application. I do recommend to use lotus notes application  to develop on-line application for example leave application, financial approval, Purchase order request, Movement request, document Management etc. This to overcome using the paper for requesting leave or any other approvals.  With this simple approach will be saving cost and also green environment. 

Annex:

Picture 1: the screen shot of Kerio web filter from on host machine (real session) to detect how much bandwidth is being used and which sites are being used.

Picture 2: Screen shot of inbound and out bound connection for every host that connected to internet.

Picture 3: Screen shot of the Portal will be looking like.

References:

·         Adams, A.A. & McCrindle, R.J. (2008) Pandora’s box: Social and professional issues of the information age. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Ch. 4,P. 115-117, Ch. 7, P.214-218

·         Denver Electronic Monitoring Program [Online] Available from: http://denver.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?publish_id=1055 (Accessed date: January 18, 2011)

·         Trend toward Electronic Monitoring [Online] Available from: http://new.abanet.org/sections/criminaljustice/PublicDocuments/policy%20jj%20prisons.pdf  (Accessed date: January 18, 2011)

·         Workplace Privacy and Employee Monitoring [Online] Available from: http://www.privacyrights.org/fs/fs7-work.htm (Accessed date: January 17, 2011)

·         The EziTracker Solution[Online] Available from:  http://www.ezitracker.com/solution.php  (Accessed date: January 17, 2011)

·         Assessment of the Effectiveness of Electronic Monitoring on Supervision and Post-Supervision Outcomes “Effectiveness of Electronic Monitoring” [Online] Available from: http://www.criminologycenter.fsu.edu/p/electronic-monitoring.php (Accessed date: January 17, 2011)

·         Electronic tagging [Online] Available from:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_tagging (Accessed date: January 17, 2011)

·         Ankle monitor [Online] Available from:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle_monitor (Accessed date: January 17, 2011)

·         Timor-Leste Constitution [Online] Available from: 

http://www.gov.east-timor.org/constitution/constitution-Timor-Leste.pdf (Accessed date: January 17, 2011)

·         Motivation theory [Online] Available from:  http://tutor2u.net/business/gcse/people_motivation_theories.htm  (Accessed date: January 19, 2011) Frederick Taylor - Scientific Management [Online] Available from:  http://www.kernsanalysis.com/sjsu/ise250/history.htm  (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Frederick Taylor - Scientific Management [Online] Available from:  http://www.kernsanalysis.com/sjsu/ise250/history.htm  (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Douglas McGregor's XY Theory, managing an X Theory boss, and William Ouchi's Theory Z [Online] Available from:  http://pa341.rcopper.com/files/Douglas_McGregor_theory_x_theory_y.pdf (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Leadership - motivation and Douglas McGregor's X and Y theory [Online] Available from:   http://www.leadership-basics.com/leadership-motivation-X-andY-theory79.shtml (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Theory XY [Online] Available from:   http://www.businessballs.com/mcgregorxytheorydiagram.pdf (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Timor-Leste ratifies first ILO Conventions [Online] Available from:   http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_108307/lang--en/index.htm (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Labour Code [Online] Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/MONOGRAPH/72879/74294/F1403331772/TMP72879.pdf (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Establish bases for telecommunication sector  [Online] Available from: http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/DL_2003_11_bases_telecom_sector_.pdf (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Kerio web filter [Online] Available from:  http://www.kerio.com/control/user-management/web-filter (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Time and attendance Solution [Online] Available from:  http://www.timeandattendance.com.au/ (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)

·         Autoridade Nacional do Petroleo [Online] Available from:  www.anp-tl.org (Accessed date: January 19, 2011)